Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria

Olufemi Julius Ayodele; Olubunmi Samuel Shittu; Temitope Balogun

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16

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Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria

Olufemi Julius Ayodele, Olubunmi Samuel Shittu, Temitope Balogun

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 2, Issue 6)

Received: 25 November 2014 Accepted: 9 December 2014 Published: 19 December 2014

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Abstract

The impact of previous operations on the environment was assessed by determining heavy metal contents of soil (topsoil, 0-15 cm and subsoil,15-30 cm) and plant samples taken at 0, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 200 m from an abandoned granite quarry and compared to samples from a control (baseline) location. Fe was the most abundant element in the topsoil (0-15 cm) and subsoil (15-30cm), Cd was below detectable level while other elements were present in the order: Mn>Cr>Pb>Ni>Cu>Co. Fe, Pb, Cu, Cr and Ni were highest at 0 m and decreased with distance from the quarry site. The metals showed deficiency to moderate enrichment and low to moderate contamination at some distances but more in the topsoil than in the subsoil such that the Pollution Load Index (PLI) was <1.0 at all points in the topsoil. Fe and Mn were most abundant in all the plants and Aspilia africana contained the highest Pb and Co while Ni was highest in Synedrella nodiflora and Chromolaena odorata. The Transfer Factor, Shoot: Root Quotient and Extraction Coefficient exceeded 1.00 for most of the heavy metals especially at 0 and 10 m. The potential of Chromolaena odorata for Fe accumulation was indicated just as Sida scabrida would be an excluder of Cu.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 2, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16
Page(s)	333-339
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Granite Quarry, Heavy Metal Enrichment, Pollution Load Index, Transfer Factor, Bioaccumulation

References

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APA Style

Olufemi Julius Ayodele, Olubunmi Samuel Shittu, Temitope Balogun. (2014). Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 2(6), 333-339. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16

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ACS Style

Olufemi Julius Ayodele; Olubunmi Samuel Shittu; Temitope Balogun. Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2014, 2(6), 333-339. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16

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AMA Style

Olufemi Julius Ayodele, Olubunmi Samuel Shittu, Temitope Balogun. Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2014;2(6):333-339. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16,
  author = {Olufemi Julius Ayodele and Olubunmi Samuel Shittu and Temitope Balogun},
  title = {Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6},
  pages = {333-339},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20140206.16},
  abstract = {The impact of previous operations on the environment was assessed by determining heavy metal contents of soil (topsoil, 0-15 cm and subsoil,15-30 cm) and plant samples taken at 0, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 200 m from an abandoned granite quarry and compared to samples from a control (baseline) location. Fe was the most abundant element in the topsoil (0-15 cm) and subsoil (15-30cm), Cd was below detectable level while other elements were present in the order: Mn>Cr>Pb>Ni>Cu>Co. Fe, Pb, Cu, Cr and Ni were highest at 0 m and decreased with distance from the quarry site. The metals showed deficiency to moderate enrichment and low to moderate contamination at some distances but more in the topsoil than in the subsoil such that the Pollution Load Index (PLI) was <1.0 at all points in the topsoil. Fe and Mn were most abundant in all the plants and Aspilia africana contained the highest Pb and Co while Ni was highest in Synedrella nodiflora and Chromolaena odorata. The Transfer Factor, Shoot: Root Quotient and Extraction Coefficient exceeded 1.00 for most of the heavy metals especially at 0 and 10 m. The potential of Chromolaena odorata for Fe accumulation was indicated just as Sida scabrida would be an excluder of Cu.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria
AU  - Olufemi Julius Ayodele
AU  - Olubunmi Samuel Shittu
AU  - Temitope Balogun
Y1  - 2014/12/19
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 333
EP  - 339
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16
AB  - The impact of previous operations on the environment was assessed by determining heavy metal contents of soil (topsoil, 0-15 cm and subsoil,15-30 cm) and plant samples taken at 0, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 200 m from an abandoned granite quarry and compared to samples from a control (baseline) location. Fe was the most abundant element in the topsoil (0-15 cm) and subsoil (15-30cm), Cd was below detectable level while other elements were present in the order: Mn>Cr>Pb>Ni>Cu>Co. Fe, Pb, Cu, Cr and Ni were highest at 0 m and decreased with distance from the quarry site. The metals showed deficiency to moderate enrichment and low to moderate contamination at some distances but more in the topsoil than in the subsoil such that the Pollution Load Index (PLI) was <1.0 at all points in the topsoil. Fe and Mn were most abundant in all the plants and Aspilia africana contained the highest Pb and Co while Ni was highest in Synedrella nodiflora and Chromolaena odorata. The Transfer Factor, Shoot: Root Quotient and Extraction Coefficient exceeded 1.00 for most of the heavy metals especially at 0 and 10 m. The potential of Chromolaena odorata for Fe accumulation was indicated just as Sida scabrida would be an excluder of Cu.
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Olufemi Julius Ayodele

Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Olubunmi Samuel Shittu

Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Temitope Balogun

Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

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APA Style

Olufemi Julius Ayodele, Olubunmi Samuel Shittu, Temitope Balogun. (2014). Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 2(6), 333-339. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16

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ACS Style

Olufemi Julius Ayodele; Olubunmi Samuel Shittu; Temitope Balogun. Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2014, 2(6), 333-339. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16

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AMA Style

Olufemi Julius Ayodele, Olubunmi Samuel Shittu, Temitope Balogun. Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2014;2(6):333-339. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16,
  author = {Olufemi Julius Ayodele and Olubunmi Samuel Shittu and Temitope Balogun},
  title = {Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6},
  pages = {333-339},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20140206.16},
  abstract = {The impact of previous operations on the environment was assessed by determining heavy metal contents of soil (topsoil, 0-15 cm and subsoil,15-30 cm) and plant samples taken at 0, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 200 m from an abandoned granite quarry and compared to samples from a control (baseline) location. Fe was the most abundant element in the topsoil (0-15 cm) and subsoil (15-30cm), Cd was below detectable level while other elements were present in the order: Mn>Cr>Pb>Ni>Cu>Co. Fe, Pb, Cu, Cr and Ni were highest at 0 m and decreased with distance from the quarry site. The metals showed deficiency to moderate enrichment and low to moderate contamination at some distances but more in the topsoil than in the subsoil such that the Pollution Load Index (PLI) was <1.0 at all points in the topsoil. Fe and Mn were most abundant in all the plants and Aspilia africana contained the highest Pb and Co while Ni was highest in Synedrella nodiflora and Chromolaena odorata. The Transfer Factor, Shoot: Root Quotient and Extraction Coefficient exceeded 1.00 for most of the heavy metals especially at 0 and 10 m. The potential of Chromolaena odorata for Fe accumulation was indicated just as Sida scabrida would be an excluder of Cu.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment of Granite Quarrying Operations at Ikole-Ekiti, Nigeria
AU  - Olufemi Julius Ayodele
AU  - Olubunmi Samuel Shittu
AU  - Temitope Balogun
Y1  - 2014/12/19
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 333
EP  - 339
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140206.16
AB  - The impact of previous operations on the environment was assessed by determining heavy metal contents of soil (topsoil, 0-15 cm and subsoil,15-30 cm) and plant samples taken at 0, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 200 m from an abandoned granite quarry and compared to samples from a control (baseline) location. Fe was the most abundant element in the topsoil (0-15 cm) and subsoil (15-30cm), Cd was below detectable level while other elements were present in the order: Mn>Cr>Pb>Ni>Cu>Co. Fe, Pb, Cu, Cr and Ni were highest at 0 m and decreased with distance from the quarry site. The metals showed deficiency to moderate enrichment and low to moderate contamination at some distances but more in the topsoil than in the subsoil such that the Pollution Load Index (PLI) was <1.0 at all points in the topsoil. Fe and Mn were most abundant in all the plants and Aspilia africana contained the highest Pb and Co while Ni was highest in Synedrella nodiflora and Chromolaena odorata. The Transfer Factor, Shoot: Root Quotient and Extraction Coefficient exceeded 1.00 for most of the heavy metals especially at 0 and 10 m. The potential of Chromolaena odorata for Fe accumulation was indicated just as Sida scabrida would be an excluder of Cu.
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
ER  -

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