Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria

Abubakar Isah; Mann Abdullahi; Mathew John Tsado

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria

Abubakar Isah, Mann Abdullahi, Mathew John Tsado

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 3)

Received: 7 April 2015 Accepted: 20 April 2015 Published: 30 April 2015

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Senna alata L., commonly known as Candlestick senna or Wild senna belongs to the family Caesalpiniaceae is widely distributed in Northern Nigeria. It has been used frequently in herbal medicine to treat different kinds of pathogenic conditions, particularly as laxative or purgative and in the treatment of skin infections as such as ring worm, impetigo, syphilis, sores, psoriasis, herpes, scabies, rashes, and itching. The rate at which this plant parts (flowers and seeds) have been frequently used in Nupe ethnomedicine led to the increase interest to determine the phytochemical, anti-nutritive and antioxidant activities of the flower and seed of Senna alata L. grown in Bida Niger State, Nigeria using standard analytical methods. Phytochemical screening of the flower and seed of the plant revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, alkaloid and anthraquinone, steroid and cardiac glycosides, were slightly present, while resins was absent. The metabolites present were quantitatively determined with alkaloid contents of 10.23±0.35 and 8.41±0.76 saponins 25.72±0.83 and 28.84±0.44, flavonoids 28.52±0.47 and 32.25±0.52, tannins 32.98±0.74 and 39.99±0.37, phenols 4.24±0.76 and 6.31±0.68 mg/100 g for flower and seed respectively. These results confirm that these metabolites obtained from the two parts of this plant were within the range of toxicity levels according to World Health Organization safe limits. The results of anti-nutritional factors revealed the oxalate contents with 4.24±0.12 and 6.31±0.41, cyanide content 8.59±0.71 and 4.89±0.69 and phytate content 17.54±0.63 and 13.72±0.81 mg/100g for flower and seed respectively. The values of anti-nutritional factors obtained from this work show that they may not pose any effects based on their toxicity levels and as recommended by World Health Organization. The major components of the chemical compounds deduced from GC/MS for the two parts of this plant investigated revealed the presence of β-d-mannofuranoside (24.23%), n-hexadecanoic acid (19.20%), oleic acid (28.27%), nonadecanoic acid (5.36%), 3, 11-tetradecadien-1-ol (3.79%) and octadecanal (17.22%), oleic acid (50.21%), octadecanoic acid (7.14), n-hexadecanoic acid (34.16%), pentanoic acid (3.39%) and 2-ethyl-1-decanol (2.21%). Some of these phytoconstituents like n-hexadecanoic and oleic are responsible for the said pharmacological activities. Thus, properly domesticated and utilization of this plant will serve as source of bioactive agents for pharmaceutical industries.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12
Page(s)	93-100
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Antioxidant, Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional, Flower, Seeds, Senna alata

References

[1]	W. C. Evans and E. Trease, .Pharmacognosy, (15th edition), London W.B. Saunders Company Ltd., 2002, pp. 191-393.
[2]	P. J. David,. Centre for Pharmacognosy, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, p 29-39.
[3]	D. J. Newman, G. M. Cragg, K. M. Snader, The Influence of Natural Products Upon Drug Discovery. Nat. Prod. Rep., 2000, 17 pp 215-234.
[4]	P. Mukeshwar, D. Mousumi, G. Shobit, and K. C. Surender, Phytomedicine: An ancient approach turning into futurepotential source of therapeutics. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, 2011, 3(1), pp 113-117.
[5]	B. O. Oomah, and G. Mazza, Functional foods. In Francis F.J (eds) the Wiley Encyclopedia. 2000.
[6]	J. P. Dyana, and G. Kanchana, Preliminary phytochemical screening of Cocos nucifera L. Flowers. International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, 2012, 4, pp 62-63.
[7]	G. A. Cordell, Biodiversity and Drug Discovery: A Symbiotic Relationship. Phytochemistry, 2000, 55, pp 463-480.
[8]	R. N. Okigbo, and E. C. Mmeka, An appraisal of phytomedicine in Africa. Science Technology Journal, (2006, pp 6.
[9]	I. I. Koleva, H. A. G. Niederlander, and T. A. Van Beek, An online HPLC method for detection of radical scavenging compounds in complex mixtures. Analytical Chemistry, 2000, 72, pp 2323-2328.
[10]	P. G. Pietta, Flavonoids as antioxidants. J Nat Prod, 2000, 63, pp 1035-42.
[11]	S. Gorinstein, K. Yamamoto, E. Katrich, H. Leontowicz, A. Lojek, M. Leontowicz, M. Ciz, I. Goshev, U. Shalev, S. Trakhtenberg, Antioxidative properties of Jaffa sweeties and grapefruit and their influence on lipid metabolism and plasma antioxidative potential in rats. Bioscience Biotechnology Biochemical, 2003, 67, pp 907–910.
[12]	J. K. Willcox, S. L. Ash, and G. L. Catignani, Antioxidants and prevention of chronic disease. Critical Revolution Food Science and Nutrition, 2004, 44, pp 275–295.
[13]	M. Elangovan, M. S. Dhanarajan, and I. Elangovan, Determination of Bioactive Compounds from the Petroleum Ether Leaf Extract of Moringa oleifera and Phyllanthus emblica using GC-MS Analysis. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2015, 4 pp 1284-1298.
[14]	S. Kumazawa, M. Taniguchi, Y. Suzuki, M. Shimura, M. Kwon, T. Nakayama, Antioxidant activity of Polyphenols in Carob Pods. .J. Agric. Food Chem. 2002, 50, pp 373-377.
[15]	A. Mann, Extraction and Screening Methods for Natural Products Chemistry: Bioassay-Guided Purification of Active Extracts and Structure Elucidation of Phytoconstituents. Research Laboratory Manual for Natural Product Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria, 2014, pp1-19.
[16]	H. O. Edeoga, D. E. Okwu, and B. O. Mbaebie, Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2005, 4 pp 685-688.
[17]	G. I. Onwuka, Food Analysis and Instrumentation Theory and Practice.Naphthali print, Nigeria, 2005, pp 63-98.
[18]	J. B. Harborne, Biosynthensis and Function ofAntinutritional Factors in Plants. Aspects of Applied Biology, 1973, 19, pp 21-25.
[19]	P. Schuler, Natural antioxidants exploited commercially. Food Antioxidants, Elsevier Applied Food Science Series, 1990, pp 99-170.
[20]	R. A. Day and A. L. Underwood, Qualitative aAnalysis.5th Ed. New Delhi, India: Prentice Hall Publications, 1986, pp 701.
[21]	E. I. Wheeler and R. E. Ferrel, Methods For phytic acid determination in wheat and wheat fractions. Journal of Cereal of Chemistry. 1971, 48, pp 312-320.
[22]	I. E. F. Benzie and J. J. Strain, The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as ameasure of antioxidant power: the FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry, 1996, 239, pp 7076.
[23]	P. Valentao, E. Fernandes, F. Carvalho, P. B. Andrade, R. M. Seabra, and M. L. Bastos, Antioxidant properties of cardoon (Cynara cardunculusL.) infusion against superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, and hypochlorous acid. Journal Agricultural Food Chemical, 2002, 50, pp 4989-4993.
[24]	R. P. Adams, Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas chromatography/Quadrupole Mass spectroscopy. Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, Illinois, USA, 2007.
[25]	A. T. Orishadipe, J. I. Okogun, and E. Mishelia, Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry analysis of the hexane extract of Calliandra portoricensis and its antimicrobial activity. Afri J Pure and Appl Chem, 2010, 4, pp 131-134.
[26]	S. Stein, D. Mirokhin, D. Tchekhovskoi, G. Mallard, The NIST Mass Spectral Search Program for the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectra Library. Standard Reference Data Program of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithers-burg, MD, US; 2002.
[27]	U. A. Essiett and I. E. Bassey, Comparative Phytochemical Screening and Nutritional Potentials of the Flowers (petals) of Sennaalata(L) roxb, Sennahirsuta(L) Irwin and barneby, and Sennaobtusifolia(L.)Irwin and barneby (Fabaceae). Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2013, 3, pp 097-101.
[28]	L. A. Maynard,. Animal Nutrition. McGraw Hill book company Ltd. New York, 1997, pp. 47.
[29]	S. G. Sparg, M. E. Light, and J. V. Stadan, Biological Activities and Distribution of Plant Saponins. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2004, 94, pp 219-243.
[30]	U. Veerachari, and A. K. Bopaiah, Preliminary phytochemicalevaluation of the leaf extract of five Cassia species. Journal Chemical Pharmacology Resource, 2011, 3 pp 574-583.
[31]	U. A. Essiett, D. N. Bala, and J. A. Agbakahi, Pharmacognosticstudies of the leaves and stem of DiodiascandensSW in Nigeria. Archives of Applied Science Research, 2010, 2, pp 124-198.
[32]	M. T. Trease and S. E. Evans, The Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-bacterial Screening of Extract of Some Common Vegetables.Chemical Science, Nigeria, 1989, 26, pp57-58.
[33]	E. Bell, Vitamin D3 promotes immune function on the skin.http//www.signalinggateway.org/upd ate/updates/ 2007.
[34]	O. M. Iniaghe, S. O. Malomo and J. D. Adebayo, Proximate composition and Phytochemical constituents of leaves of some Acalyphaspecies. Journal of Nutrition, 2009, 8, pp256- 258.
[35]	A. Taiwo, C. Abidemi, J. Oyedepo, B. Adebayo, I. Oluwadare, and D. Agboto, Nutrient content and antinutritional factor in Shea butter (Butryospermum parkii) leaves, African Journal of Biotechnology, 2009, 8, pp 5888-5890.
[36]	J. A. Duke, Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. CRC press Inc. Boca Raton, Fla, 1985, pp72-80.
[37]	A. O. Awoyinka, I. O. Balogun, and A. A. Ogunnowo, Phytochemical screening and in-vitro bioactivity of Cnidoscolusaconitiifolus (Euphorbiaceae), Journal of Medicinal plants Research, 2007, 1, pp 63-65.
[38]	J. T. McDevitt, D. M. Schneider, S. K. Katiyar, and F. S. Edlind, .Berberina: a candidate for the treatment of diarrhea in AIDS patients abstract 175, In program and Abstracts of the 36th Interscienceonference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D. C. 1996.
[39]	A. Scalbert,.Antimicrobial properties of tannis, Phytochemistry, 1991, 30, pp 3875-3882.
[40]	P. Siddhauraju, and K. Becker, Nutritional and antinutritional composition, in vitro amino acid availability, starch digestibility and predicted glycemic index of differently processed mucuna beans (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis): An underutilized legume. Food Chemical, 2005, 91, pp 275-286.
[41]	R. Riguera, Isolating bioactive compounds from marine organisms. Journal Marine Biotechnology, 1997), 5, pp187-193.
[42]	I. Abdulwaliyu, S. O. Arekemase, S. Bala, A. S. Ibraheem, A. M. Dakare, R. Sangodare, and M. Gero, Nutritional Properties of Senna alata Linn Leaf and Flower. International Journal of Modern Biology and Medicine, 2013, 4, pp1-11.
[43]	R. Hegnauer, Chemical Plant Taxonomy. Academic Press Inc., New York, 1963, p. 389.
[44]	W. Richard, E. Katie and T. Ferrell, Squirrels: the animal answer guide. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. seeds. Pakistan Journal of Nutritional, 2006, 6, pp40-43.
[45]	E. S. Mitchikpe, Determination of of chemical composition of Prosopis africana, Journal of Food Composition Analysis, 2008, 21, pp17-23.
[46]	F. L. Ola and G. Oboh, Anti-nutritional Factors, in Nutritional Quality of Plant Foods. The Journal Technoscience, 2000, 4, pp1-3.
[47]	S. R. J. Maxwell, Prospects for the use of antioxdant therapies. Drugs, 1995, 49, pp345 – 361.
[48]	B. Halliwell, J. M. C. Gutteridge, Free radicals in Biology and Medicine 2nd Edition. Clarendon Press, Oxford. 1989, pp416 – 494.
[49]	D. Karou, M. H. Dicko, J. Simpore, S. A. Traore, Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of polyphenols from ethnomedicinal plants of Burkina Faso. Afr J Biotechnol, 2005, 4, 823-828.
[50]	A. B. Aliyu, M. A. Ibrahim, H. Ibrahim, A. M. Musa, A. Y. Lawal, J. A. Oshanimi, M. Usman, I. E. Abdulkadir, A. O. Oyewale, J. O. Amupitan, Free radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacity of methanol extract of Ethulia conyzoides growing in Nigeria. Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 2012, 17, pp7458-7465.
[51]	O. Olajide, D. Idowu, S. Okolo, A. Orishadipe, T. Sunday, Phytochemical and antioxidant properties of some Nigerian medicinal plants. Am J Sci Ind Res, 2013, 4, 328-32.
[52]	J. M. Oke, M. O. Hamburger, Screening of some Nigerian Medicinal Plants for antioxidant activity using 2,2, diphenyl-picyl-hydrazyl radical. Afr. J. Biomedical Res, 2002, 5, 77-79.
[53]	P. Buran, P. Supak, Antioxidant Capacities of Pueraria mirifica,Steviare baudiana Bertoni, Curcuma longa Linn., Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees. and Cassia alata Linn.for the Development of Dietary Supplement.Kasetsart Journalof Natural Science, 2007, 41, 548 – 554.
[54]	M. A. Adebayo, O. A. Lawal, A. A. Sikiru, I. A. Ogunwande, O. N. Avoseh, Chemical Constituentsand Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Senna podocarpa (Guill. Et Perr.) Lock. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2014, 5, 2448-2453.
[55]	M. Law, Dietary fat and adult diseases and the implications for childhood nutrition: An Epidemiologic approach. American. Journal Clinic Nutrition, 2000, 72, pp1291s-1296s.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Abubakar Isah, Mann Abdullahi, Mathew John Tsado. (2015). Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 3(3), 93-100. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Abubakar Isah; Mann Abdullahi; Mathew John Tsado. Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2015, 3(3), 93-100. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Abubakar Isah, Mann Abdullahi, Mathew John Tsado. Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria. Am J Appl Chem. 2015;3(3):93-100. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12,
  author = {Abubakar Isah and Mann Abdullahi and Mathew John Tsado},
  title = {Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {93-100},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20150303.12},
  abstract = {Senna alata L., commonly known as Candlestick senna or Wild senna belongs to the family Caesalpiniaceae is widely distributed in Northern Nigeria. It has been used frequently in herbal medicine to treat different kinds of pathogenic conditions, particularly as laxative or purgative and in the treatment of skin infections as such as ring worm, impetigo, syphilis, sores, psoriasis, herpes, scabies, rashes, and itching. The rate at which this plant parts (flowers and seeds) have been frequently used in Nupe ethnomedicine led to the increase interest to determine the phytochemical, anti-nutritive and antioxidant activities of the flower and seed of Senna alata L. grown in Bida Niger State, Nigeria using standard analytical methods. Phytochemical screening of the flower and seed of the plant revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, alkaloid and anthraquinone, steroid and cardiac glycosides, were slightly present, while resins was absent. The metabolites present were quantitatively determined with alkaloid contents of 10.23±0.35 and 8.41±0.76 saponins 25.72±0.83 and 28.84±0.44, flavonoids 28.52±0.47 and 32.25±0.52, tannins 32.98±0.74 and 39.99±0.37, phenols 4.24±0.76 and 6.31±0.68 mg/100 g for flower and seed respectively. These results confirm that these metabolites obtained from the two parts of this plant were within the range of toxicity levels according to World Health Organization safe limits. The results of anti-nutritional factors revealed the oxalate contents with 4.24±0.12 and 6.31±0.41, cyanide content 8.59±0.71 and 4.89±0.69 and phytate content 17.54±0.63 and 13.72±0.81 mg/100g for flower and seed respectively. The values of anti-nutritional factors obtained from this work show that they may not pose any effects based on their toxicity levels and as recommended by World Health Organization. The major components of the chemical compounds deduced from GC/MS for the two parts of this plant investigated revealed the presence of β-d-mannofuranoside (24.23%), n-hexadecanoic acid (19.20%), oleic acid (28.27%), nonadecanoic acid (5.36%), 3, 11-tetradecadien-1-ol (3.79%) and octadecanal (17.22%), oleic acid (50.21%), octadecanoic acid (7.14), n-hexadecanoic acid (34.16%), pentanoic acid (3.39%) and 2-ethyl-1-decanol (2.21%). Some of these phytoconstituents like n-hexadecanoic and oleic are responsible for the said pharmacological activities. Thus, properly domesticated and utilization of this plant will serve as source of bioactive agents for pharmaceutical industries.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria
AU  - Abubakar Isah
AU  - Mann Abdullahi
AU  - Mathew John Tsado
Y1  - 2015/04/30
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 93
EP  - 100
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12
AB  - Senna alata L., commonly known as Candlestick senna or Wild senna belongs to the family Caesalpiniaceae is widely distributed in Northern Nigeria. It has been used frequently in herbal medicine to treat different kinds of pathogenic conditions, particularly as laxative or purgative and in the treatment of skin infections as such as ring worm, impetigo, syphilis, sores, psoriasis, herpes, scabies, rashes, and itching. The rate at which this plant parts (flowers and seeds) have been frequently used in Nupe ethnomedicine led to the increase interest to determine the phytochemical, anti-nutritive and antioxidant activities of the flower and seed of Senna alata L. grown in Bida Niger State, Nigeria using standard analytical methods. Phytochemical screening of the flower and seed of the plant revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, alkaloid and anthraquinone, steroid and cardiac glycosides, were slightly present, while resins was absent. The metabolites present were quantitatively determined with alkaloid contents of 10.23±0.35 and 8.41±0.76 saponins 25.72±0.83 and 28.84±0.44, flavonoids 28.52±0.47 and 32.25±0.52, tannins 32.98±0.74 and 39.99±0.37, phenols 4.24±0.76 and 6.31±0.68 mg/100 g for flower and seed respectively. These results confirm that these metabolites obtained from the two parts of this plant were within the range of toxicity levels according to World Health Organization safe limits. The results of anti-nutritional factors revealed the oxalate contents with 4.24±0.12 and 6.31±0.41, cyanide content 8.59±0.71 and 4.89±0.69 and phytate content 17.54±0.63 and 13.72±0.81 mg/100g for flower and seed respectively. The values of anti-nutritional factors obtained from this work show that they may not pose any effects based on their toxicity levels and as recommended by World Health Organization. The major components of the chemical compounds deduced from GC/MS for the two parts of this plant investigated revealed the presence of β-d-mannofuranoside (24.23%), n-hexadecanoic acid (19.20%), oleic acid (28.27%), nonadecanoic acid (5.36%), 3, 11-tetradecadien-1-ol (3.79%) and octadecanal (17.22%), oleic acid (50.21%), octadecanoic acid (7.14), n-hexadecanoic acid (34.16%), pentanoic acid (3.39%) and 2-ethyl-1-decanol (2.21%). Some of these phytoconstituents like n-hexadecanoic and oleic are responsible for the said pharmacological activities. Thus, properly domesticated and utilization of this plant will serve as source of bioactive agents for pharmaceutical industries.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Abubakar Isah

Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Mann Abdullahi

Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Mathew John Tsado

Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Abubakar Isah, Mann Abdullahi, Mathew John Tsado. (2015). Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 3(3), 93-100. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Abubakar Isah; Mann Abdullahi; Mathew John Tsado. Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2015, 3(3), 93-100. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Abubakar Isah, Mann Abdullahi, Mathew John Tsado. Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria. Am J Appl Chem. 2015;3(3):93-100. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12,
  author = {Abubakar Isah and Mann Abdullahi and Mathew John Tsado},
  title = {Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {93-100},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20150303.12},
  abstract = {Senna alata L., commonly known as Candlestick senna or Wild senna belongs to the family Caesalpiniaceae is widely distributed in Northern Nigeria. It has been used frequently in herbal medicine to treat different kinds of pathogenic conditions, particularly as laxative or purgative and in the treatment of skin infections as such as ring worm, impetigo, syphilis, sores, psoriasis, herpes, scabies, rashes, and itching. The rate at which this plant parts (flowers and seeds) have been frequently used in Nupe ethnomedicine led to the increase interest to determine the phytochemical, anti-nutritive and antioxidant activities of the flower and seed of Senna alata L. grown in Bida Niger State, Nigeria using standard analytical methods. Phytochemical screening of the flower and seed of the plant revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, alkaloid and anthraquinone, steroid and cardiac glycosides, were slightly present, while resins was absent. The metabolites present were quantitatively determined with alkaloid contents of 10.23±0.35 and 8.41±0.76 saponins 25.72±0.83 and 28.84±0.44, flavonoids 28.52±0.47 and 32.25±0.52, tannins 32.98±0.74 and 39.99±0.37, phenols 4.24±0.76 and 6.31±0.68 mg/100 g for flower and seed respectively. These results confirm that these metabolites obtained from the two parts of this plant were within the range of toxicity levels according to World Health Organization safe limits. The results of anti-nutritional factors revealed the oxalate contents with 4.24±0.12 and 6.31±0.41, cyanide content 8.59±0.71 and 4.89±0.69 and phytate content 17.54±0.63 and 13.72±0.81 mg/100g for flower and seed respectively. The values of anti-nutritional factors obtained from this work show that they may not pose any effects based on their toxicity levels and as recommended by World Health Organization. The major components of the chemical compounds deduced from GC/MS for the two parts of this plant investigated revealed the presence of β-d-mannofuranoside (24.23%), n-hexadecanoic acid (19.20%), oleic acid (28.27%), nonadecanoic acid (5.36%), 3, 11-tetradecadien-1-ol (3.79%) and octadecanal (17.22%), oleic acid (50.21%), octadecanoic acid (7.14), n-hexadecanoic acid (34.16%), pentanoic acid (3.39%) and 2-ethyl-1-decanol (2.21%). Some of these phytoconstituents like n-hexadecanoic and oleic are responsible for the said pharmacological activities. Thus, properly domesticated and utilization of this plant will serve as source of bioactive agents for pharmaceutical industries.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Phytochemical, Anti-nutritional and Antioxidant Potentials of Flower and Seed Methanol Extracts of Senna alata L. Grown in Nigeria
AU  - Abubakar Isah
AU  - Mann Abdullahi
AU  - Mathew John Tsado
Y1  - 2015/04/30
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 93
EP  - 100
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150303.12
AB  - Senna alata L., commonly known as Candlestick senna or Wild senna belongs to the family Caesalpiniaceae is widely distributed in Northern Nigeria. It has been used frequently in herbal medicine to treat different kinds of pathogenic conditions, particularly as laxative or purgative and in the treatment of skin infections as such as ring worm, impetigo, syphilis, sores, psoriasis, herpes, scabies, rashes, and itching. The rate at which this plant parts (flowers and seeds) have been frequently used in Nupe ethnomedicine led to the increase interest to determine the phytochemical, anti-nutritive and antioxidant activities of the flower and seed of Senna alata L. grown in Bida Niger State, Nigeria using standard analytical methods. Phytochemical screening of the flower and seed of the plant revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, alkaloid and anthraquinone, steroid and cardiac glycosides, were slightly present, while resins was absent. The metabolites present were quantitatively determined with alkaloid contents of 10.23±0.35 and 8.41±0.76 saponins 25.72±0.83 and 28.84±0.44, flavonoids 28.52±0.47 and 32.25±0.52, tannins 32.98±0.74 and 39.99±0.37, phenols 4.24±0.76 and 6.31±0.68 mg/100 g for flower and seed respectively. These results confirm that these metabolites obtained from the two parts of this plant were within the range of toxicity levels according to World Health Organization safe limits. The results of anti-nutritional factors revealed the oxalate contents with 4.24±0.12 and 6.31±0.41, cyanide content 8.59±0.71 and 4.89±0.69 and phytate content 17.54±0.63 and 13.72±0.81 mg/100g for flower and seed respectively. The values of anti-nutritional factors obtained from this work show that they may not pose any effects based on their toxicity levels and as recommended by World Health Organization. The major components of the chemical compounds deduced from GC/MS for the two parts of this plant investigated revealed the presence of β-d-mannofuranoside (24.23%), n-hexadecanoic acid (19.20%), oleic acid (28.27%), nonadecanoic acid (5.36%), 3, 11-tetradecadien-1-ol (3.79%) and octadecanal (17.22%), oleic acid (50.21%), octadecanoic acid (7.14), n-hexadecanoic acid (34.16%), pentanoic acid (3.39%) and 2-ethyl-1-decanol (2.21%). Some of these phytoconstituents like n-hexadecanoic and oleic are responsible for the said pharmacological activities. Thus, properly domesticated and utilization of this plant will serve as source of bioactive agents for pharmaceutical industries.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download