Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose

Michael Ioelovich

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12

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Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose

Michael Ioelovich

Published in American Journal of BioScience (Volume 2, Issue 6-1)

Received: 28 June 2014 Accepted: 10 July 2014 Published: 13 July 2014

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Abstract

Nitrogenated derivatives of cellulose, and namely chitin and chitosan, are of commercial interest because of their antibacterial activity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and sorption ability. Structure and some physicochemical properties of these derivatives have been studied by methods of wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), microcalorimetry and sorption. To determine the crystallinity degree of the samples, an improved WAXS method was used based on the calculation of the relationship between integrated intensities of X-ray diffraction from crystalline and amorphous domains. The calculations revealed that the actual degree of crystallinity of initial chitin was 0.72, and of initial chitosan 0.57. After ball-grinding for a short time, the decrease in the crystallinity degree was observed, whereas the prolonged grinding resulted in complete amorphization of the samples. The wetting enthalpy and sorption ability of the samples were inversely proportional to degree of crystallinity. Reduction of the crystallinity degree of the samples promoted increasing of the wetting enthalpy and water sorption. This evidences that mechanism of interaction between the nitrogenated polysaccharides and water is absorption of the water molecules into amorphous domains of the hydrophilic polymers. The crystallinity degree values calculated from results of water vapor sorption and wetting enthalpy were close to the crystallinity degree of the samples obtained by the WAXS method.

Published in	American Journal of BioScience (Volume 2, Issue 6-1) This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemical Biology
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12
Page(s)	6-12
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Chitin, Chitosan, Crystallinity Degree, Wetting Enthalpy, Sorption Ability

References

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Michael Ioelovich. (2014). Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose. American Journal of BioScience, 2(6-1), 6-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12

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ACS Style

Michael Ioelovich. Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose. Am. J. BioScience 2014, 2(6-1), 6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12

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AMA Style

Michael Ioelovich. Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose. Am J BioScience. 2014;2(6-1):6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12,
  author = {Michael Ioelovich},
  title = {Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose},
  journal = {American Journal of BioScience},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6-1},
  pages = {6-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12},
  abstract = {Nitrogenated derivatives of cellulose, and namely chitin and chitosan, are of commercial interest because of their antibacterial activity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and sorption ability. Structure and some physicochemical properties of these derivatives have been studied by methods of wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), microcalorimetry and sorption. To determine the crystallinity degree of the samples, an improved WAXS method was used based on the calculation of the relationship between integrated intensities of X-ray diffraction from crystalline and amorphous domains. The calculations revealed that the actual degree of crystallinity of initial chitin was 0.72, and of initial chitosan 0.57. After ball-grinding for a short time, the decrease in the crystallinity degree was observed, whereas the prolonged grinding resulted in complete amorphization of the samples. The wetting enthalpy and sorption ability of the samples were inversely proportional to degree of crystallinity. Reduction of the crystallinity degree of the samples promoted increasing of the wetting enthalpy and water sorption. This evidences that mechanism of interaction between the nitrogenated polysaccharides and water is absorption of the water molecules into amorphous domains of the hydrophilic polymers. The crystallinity degree values calculated from results of water vapor sorption and wetting enthalpy were close to the crystallinity degree of the samples obtained by the WAXS method.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose
AU  - Michael Ioelovich
Y1  - 2014/07/13
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12
T2  - American Journal of BioScience
JF  - American Journal of BioScience
JO  - American Journal of BioScience
SP  - 6
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0167
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12
AB  - Nitrogenated derivatives of cellulose, and namely chitin and chitosan, are of commercial interest because of their antibacterial activity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and sorption ability. Structure and some physicochemical properties of these derivatives have been studied by methods of wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), microcalorimetry and sorption. To determine the crystallinity degree of the samples, an improved WAXS method was used based on the calculation of the relationship between integrated intensities of X-ray diffraction from crystalline and amorphous domains. The calculations revealed that the actual degree of crystallinity of initial chitin was 0.72, and of initial chitosan 0.57. After ball-grinding for a short time, the decrease in the crystallinity degree was observed, whereas the prolonged grinding resulted in complete amorphization of the samples. The wetting enthalpy and sorption ability of the samples were inversely proportional to degree of crystallinity. Reduction of the crystallinity degree of the samples promoted increasing of the wetting enthalpy and water sorption. This evidences that mechanism of interaction between the nitrogenated polysaccharides and water is absorption of the water molecules into amorphous domains of the hydrophilic polymers. The crystallinity degree values calculated from results of water vapor sorption and wetting enthalpy were close to the crystallinity degree of the samples obtained by the WAXS method.
VL  - 2
IS  - 6-1
ER  -

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Michael Ioelovich

Designer Energy Ltd, Rehovot, Israel

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Michael Ioelovich. (2014). Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose. American Journal of BioScience, 2(6-1), 6-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12

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ACS Style

Michael Ioelovich. Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose. Am. J. BioScience 2014, 2(6-1), 6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12

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AMA Style

Michael Ioelovich. Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose. Am J BioScience. 2014;2(6-1):6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12,
  author = {Michael Ioelovich},
  title = {Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose},
  journal = {American Journal of BioScience},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6-1},
  pages = {6-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12},
  abstract = {Nitrogenated derivatives of cellulose, and namely chitin and chitosan, are of commercial interest because of their antibacterial activity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and sorption ability. Structure and some physicochemical properties of these derivatives have been studied by methods of wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), microcalorimetry and sorption. To determine the crystallinity degree of the samples, an improved WAXS method was used based on the calculation of the relationship between integrated intensities of X-ray diffraction from crystalline and amorphous domains. The calculations revealed that the actual degree of crystallinity of initial chitin was 0.72, and of initial chitosan 0.57. After ball-grinding for a short time, the decrease in the crystallinity degree was observed, whereas the prolonged grinding resulted in complete amorphization of the samples. The wetting enthalpy and sorption ability of the samples were inversely proportional to degree of crystallinity. Reduction of the crystallinity degree of the samples promoted increasing of the wetting enthalpy and water sorption. This evidences that mechanism of interaction between the nitrogenated polysaccharides and water is absorption of the water molecules into amorphous domains of the hydrophilic polymers. The crystallinity degree values calculated from results of water vapor sorption and wetting enthalpy were close to the crystallinity degree of the samples obtained by the WAXS method.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrogenated Derivatives of Cellulose
AU  - Michael Ioelovich
Y1  - 2014/07/13
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12
T2  - American Journal of BioScience
JF  - American Journal of BioScience
JO  - American Journal of BioScience
SP  - 6
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0167
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.s.2014020601.12
AB  - Nitrogenated derivatives of cellulose, and namely chitin and chitosan, are of commercial interest because of their antibacterial activity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and sorption ability. Structure and some physicochemical properties of these derivatives have been studied by methods of wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), microcalorimetry and sorption. To determine the crystallinity degree of the samples, an improved WAXS method was used based on the calculation of the relationship between integrated intensities of X-ray diffraction from crystalline and amorphous domains. The calculations revealed that the actual degree of crystallinity of initial chitin was 0.72, and of initial chitosan 0.57. After ball-grinding for a short time, the decrease in the crystallinity degree was observed, whereas the prolonged grinding resulted in complete amorphization of the samples. The wetting enthalpy and sorption ability of the samples were inversely proportional to degree of crystallinity. Reduction of the crystallinity degree of the samples promoted increasing of the wetting enthalpy and water sorption. This evidences that mechanism of interaction between the nitrogenated polysaccharides and water is absorption of the water molecules into amorphous domains of the hydrophilic polymers. The crystallinity degree values calculated from results of water vapor sorption and wetting enthalpy were close to the crystallinity degree of the samples obtained by the WAXS method.
VL  - 2
IS  - 6-1
ER  -

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