Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005

Achille Lutumba Suika; Zhang Liqiu; Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005

Achille Lutumba Suika, Zhang Liqiu, Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda

Published in American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 5, Issue 3)

Received: 30 March 2016 Accepted: 12 April 2016 Published: 28 April 2016

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The illness has caused most devastating and lethal epidemics at the beginning of the colonial era in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Between 1885 and 1920, parasites have decimated the population of several infected areas. The second major outbreak started in 1920 and reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s. At this time, a very impressive means for a policy based on active research, patient care and sanitation of the community living environment. According to the national fight against (sleeping sickness), African human trypanosomiasis, in the eve of independence, the rate of African human trypanosomiasis had a very low level (0.01%). After independence, due to the relaxation of the shares, the destruction of health facilities and the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease has gradually increased in almost all old houses. After independence, due to relaxation of the actions, the destruction of health facilities, as well as the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease gradually increased in almost the all old houses. Currently, trypanosomiasis remains a major health problem in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The government, assisted by United Nations Agencies and International NGOs, has, since 1968, a specialized service to combat the disease. This is the national program for the fight against African human trypanosomiasis that rules the national policy in this area.

Published in	American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 5, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12
Page(s)	50-55
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Glossina, Trypanosomes, African Human Trypanosomiasis

References

[1]	GENTILINI, M. Medecine tropicale, ed. Flammarion, Paris (1989) 1-839.
[2]	GOLVAN, J. J. Element de parasitology medicale, ed. flammarion, Paris (1983) 1-571.
[3]	ANONYME conseil scientifique internantional pour la recherché et la lutte contre les trypanosomiases: 24eme reunion de l’’OUA tenue à Maputo (1995) 1-3.
[4]	MULUMBA, M. Elements de protozoologie,ed. biometrix kinshasa RDCongo (2003) 1-35.
[5]	WERY, M. Trypanosomaise africaine, maladie du sommeil, encyclopedie medicale chirurgicale, ed.elsevier SAS paris (2000) 1-20.
[6]	LAVEISSIERE C, GREBAUT, P et al. Les glossines vectrice de la maladie du sommeil, ACEAC, yaounde /cameroun (2000) 1-240.
[7]	WERY, M. Protozoologie medicale, ed. de boeck et larvier S A les trypanosomiases africaines (1995) 1-110.
[8]	EUZEBY Les parasitoses humaines d’origines animales ed. flammarion, paris (1984) 1-324.
[9]	CLAUDE Manuel de lutte contre la maladie du sommeil en Afrique centrale et occidentale, vol. (2000) 1-48.
[10]	DURIEZ, R. Encyclopaedia universalis, trypanosomiase zygophycées corpus 23, SA (1982) 1-919.
[11]	LUTUMBA, S. Etat de la THA dans la zone de santé de Mont ngafula de juillet en decembre 2004,CRPA /UPN, kinshasa /RDCongo (2004) 1-38.
[12]	DIANGO, KASHONDO et al. Guide pratique de zoologie fascicule1 les protozoaires, CRPA /UPN, kinshasa /RDCongo (1985) 1-28.
[13]	KALASA, A. Dispersion des mouches tse tse, glossina fuscipes quanzensis à kinshasa, CRPA /UPN, kinshasa /RDCongo (2000) 1-43.
[14]	KALUNGA, F. Taux d’infestation trypanosomienne des glossines, glossina fuscipa quanzensis, cas des foyers de Matadi mayo et kimwenza à Mont ngafula, Mémoire, UPN/ kinshasa /RDCongo (2003) 1-49.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Achille Lutumba Suika, Zhang Liqiu, Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda. (2016). Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 5(3), 50-55. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Achille Lutumba Suika; Zhang Liqiu; Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda. Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005. Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2016, 5(3), 50-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Achille Lutumba Suika, Zhang Liqiu, Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda. Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005. Am J Environ Prot. 2016;5(3):50-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12,
  author = {Achille Lutumba Suika and Zhang Liqiu and Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda},
  title = {Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
  volume = {5},
  number = {3},
  pages = {50-55},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20160503.12},
  abstract = {The illness has caused most devastating and lethal epidemics at the beginning of the colonial era in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Between 1885 and 1920, parasites have decimated the population of several infected areas. The second major outbreak started in 1920 and reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s. At this time, a very impressive means for a policy based on active research, patient care and sanitation of the community living environment. According to the national fight against (sleeping sickness), African human trypanosomiasis, in the eve of independence, the rate of African human trypanosomiasis had a very low level (0.01%). After independence, due to the relaxation of the shares, the destruction of health facilities and the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease has gradually increased in almost all old houses. After independence, due to relaxation of the actions, the destruction of health facilities, as well as the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease gradually increased in almost the all old houses. Currently, trypanosomiasis remains a major health problem in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The government, assisted by United Nations Agencies and International NGOs, has, since 1968, a specialized service to combat the disease. This is the national program for the fight against African human trypanosomiasis that rules the national policy in this area.},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005
AU  - Achille Lutumba Suika
AU  - Zhang Liqiu
AU  - Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda
Y1  - 2016/04/28
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
SP  - 50
EP  - 55
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5699
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12
AB  - The illness has caused most devastating and lethal epidemics at the beginning of the colonial era in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Between 1885 and 1920, parasites have decimated the population of several infected areas. The second major outbreak started in 1920 and reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s. At this time, a very impressive means for a policy based on active research, patient care and sanitation of the community living environment. According to the national fight against (sleeping sickness), African human trypanosomiasis, in the eve of independence, the rate of African human trypanosomiasis had a very low level (0.01%). After independence, due to the relaxation of the shares, the destruction of health facilities and the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease has gradually increased in almost all old houses. After independence, due to relaxation of the actions, the destruction of health facilities, as well as the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease gradually increased in almost the all old houses. Currently, trypanosomiasis remains a major health problem in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The government, assisted by United Nations Agencies and International NGOs, has, since 1968, a specialized service to combat the disease. This is the national program for the fight against African human trypanosomiasis that rules the national policy in this area.
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Achille Lutumba Suika

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
Zhang Liqiu

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda

College of international law, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Achille Lutumba Suika, Zhang Liqiu, Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda. (2016). Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 5(3), 50-55. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Achille Lutumba Suika; Zhang Liqiu; Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda. Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005. Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2016, 5(3), 50-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Achille Lutumba Suika, Zhang Liqiu, Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda. Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005. Am J Environ Prot. 2016;5(3):50-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12,
  author = {Achille Lutumba Suika and Zhang Liqiu and Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda},
  title = {Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
  volume = {5},
  number = {3},
  pages = {50-55},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20160503.12},
  abstract = {The illness has caused most devastating and lethal epidemics at the beginning of the colonial era in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Between 1885 and 1920, parasites have decimated the population of several infected areas. The second major outbreak started in 1920 and reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s. At this time, a very impressive means for a policy based on active research, patient care and sanitation of the community living environment. According to the national fight against (sleeping sickness), African human trypanosomiasis, in the eve of independence, the rate of African human trypanosomiasis had a very low level (0.01%). After independence, due to the relaxation of the shares, the destruction of health facilities and the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease has gradually increased in almost all old houses. After independence, due to relaxation of the actions, the destruction of health facilities, as well as the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease gradually increased in almost the all old houses. Currently, trypanosomiasis remains a major health problem in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The government, assisted by United Nations Agencies and International NGOs, has, since 1968, a specialized service to combat the disease. This is the national program for the fight against African human trypanosomiasis that rules the national policy in this area.},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evolution of African Human Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo During the Year 2005
AU  - Achille Lutumba Suika
AU  - Zhang Liqiu
AU  - Anne Marie Nsaka Kabunda
Y1  - 2016/04/28
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
SP  - 50
EP  - 55
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5699
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160503.12
AB  - The illness has caused most devastating and lethal epidemics at the beginning of the colonial era in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Between 1885 and 1920, parasites have decimated the population of several infected areas. The second major outbreak started in 1920 and reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s. At this time, a very impressive means for a policy based on active research, patient care and sanitation of the community living environment. According to the national fight against (sleeping sickness), African human trypanosomiasis, in the eve of independence, the rate of African human trypanosomiasis had a very low level (0.01%). After independence, due to the relaxation of the shares, the destruction of health facilities and the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease has gradually increased in almost all old houses. After independence, due to relaxation of the actions, the destruction of health facilities, as well as the care of the sick, it was observed that the disease gradually increased in almost the all old houses. Currently, trypanosomiasis remains a major health problem in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The government, assisted by United Nations Agencies and International NGOs, has, since 1968, a specialized service to combat the disease. This is the national program for the fight against African human trypanosomiasis that rules the national policy in this area.
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download