Prevalence of AHD Among PLHIVs in Six Health Facilities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria:: Science Publishing Group

Prevalence of AHD Among PLHIVs in Six Health Facilities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Chinwe Umeozulu¹, Esther Loyin², Olusola Oni², Folake Isona³, Kayode Joseph³, Adeniyi Ojuope⁴, Blessing Eloh⁵, Ann Mark⁵, Olufunmilola Abodunde²

¹Department of Clinical Laboratory Services, Equitable Health Access Initiative, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

²Department of Prevention, Care and Quality Improvement, Equitable Health Access Initiative, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

³Department of Strategic Knowledge Management, Equitable Health Access Initiative, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

⁴Department of Training and Research, Elite Life Consulting, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

⁵Department of Strategic Knowledge Management, Equitable Health Access Initiative, Akwanga, Nigeria

International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science, Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2023

Pages: 46-52

Received: Aug. 04, 2023

Accepted: Aug. 23, 2023

Published: Sep. 06, 2023

DOI: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230902.12

Downloads:

Views:

Download PDF: Download PDF

Export Citation: Export citation to RIS Export citation to BibTeX

Abstract

Globally, HIV remains a paramount health concern, and despite concerted interventions, it persists as a severe challenge in many communities. In regions like Nasarawa State, Nigeria, where prevalence is high, there's an undeniable need for regular monitoring. This study, aimed at gauging the current status of Advanced HIV Disease (AHD) among People Living with HIV (PLHIV), employed a cross-sectional survey design to analyze the medical records of 336 PLHIVs from six key health facilities within the state. Analytical tools, including descriptive statistics and t-tests, revealed a disturbingly high prevalence of AHD, especially among adults, with rates at 51.29%. Adolescents also showed a significant prevalence at 32%. A deeper comparative analysis between the two age demographics elucidated a marked statistical difference in AHD prevalence. These findings accentuate the pressing need for enhanced, age-specific interventions. Immediate action is warranted, especially for adults aged 20-49 and adolescents in Nasarawa State, to bolster HIV prevention, promote early testing, and optimize treatment methodologies. The insights from this study serve as a clarion call for policymakers and health practitioners to renew and refocus their efforts in these high-risk groups, aiming for a more effective containment and reduction of HIV's impact in the region.

Keywords

Advanced HIV Disease, Gender, PLHIV, Prevalence of AHD, Adults, Adolescents

To cite this article

Chinwe Umeozulu, Esther Loyin, Olusola Oni, Folake Isona, Kayode Joseph, et al. (2023). Prevalence of AHD Among PLHIVs in Six Health Facilities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science, 9(2), 46-52. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20230902.12

Copyright © 2023 Authors retain the copyright of this article.
This article is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

References

1.	Arije O, Udoh E, Ijadunola K, Afolabi O, Aransiola J, Omoregie G, et al. (2023) Combination prevention package of interventions for reducing vulnerability to HIV among adolescent girls and young women in Nigeria: An action research. PLoS ONE 18 (1): e0279077. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279077
2.	Auld, A. F., Shiraishi, R. W., Oboho, I., Ross, C., Bateganya, M., Pelletier, V.,... & Ellerbrock, T. V. (2017). Trends in prevalence of advanced HIV disease at antiretroviral therapy enrollment—10 countries, 2004–2015. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 66 (21), 558.
3.	Bai RJ, Dai LL, Wu H. (2020) Advances and challenges in antiretroviral therapy for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Chinese medical journal, 133 (23), 2775-2777.
4.	Balachandra, S., Rogers, J. H., Ruangtragool, L., Radin, E., Musuka, G., Oboho, I.,... & Apollo, T. (2020). Concurrent advanced HIV disease and viral load suppression in a high-burden setting: Findings from the 2015–6 ZIMPHIA survey. PLoS One, 15 (6), e0230205.
5.	Benzekri, N. A., Sambou, J. F., Ndong, S., Tamba, I. T., Faye, D., Diallo, M. B.,... & Gottlieb, G. S. (2019). Prevalence, predictors, and management of advanced HIV disease among individuals initiating ART in Senegal, West Africa. BMC Infectious Diseases, 19 (1), 1-8.
6.	Carmona, S., Bor, J., Nattey, C., Maughan-Brown, B., Maskew, M., Fox, M. P.,... & MacLeod, W. B. (2018). Persistent high burden of advanced HIV disease among patients seeking care in South Africa’s national HIV program: data from a nationwide laboratory cohort. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 66 (suppl_2), S111-S117.
7.	Chihana, M. L., Huerga, H., Van Cutsem, G., Ellman, T., Goemaere, E., Wanjala, S.,... & Davies, M. A. (2019). Distribution of advanced HIV disease from three high HIV prevalence settings in Sub-Saharan Africa: a secondary analysis data from three population-based cross-sectional surveys in Eshowe (South Africa), Ndhiwa (Kenya) and Chiradzulu (Malawi). Global Health Action, 12 (1), 1679472.
8.	Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation. Advanced HIV Disease. 2023. Retrieved from: https://www.pedaids.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/2022_AdvancedDiseaseBrief.pdf (Accessed 4 May 2023).
9.	Hu, X., Liang, B., Zhou, C., Jiang, J., Huang, J., Ning, C.,... & Liang, H. (2019). HIV late presentation and advanced HIV disease among patients with newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS in Southwestern China: a large-scale cross-sectional study. AIDS research and therapy, 16 (1), 1-10.
10.	Ndlovu, Z., Massaquoi, L., Bangwen, N. E., Batumba, J. N., Bora, R. U., Mbuaya, J.,... & Ellman, T. (2020). Diagnostic performance and usability of the VISITECT CD4 semi-quantitative test for advanced HIV disease screening. Plos one, 15 (4), e0230453.
11.	Frescura, L. Godfrey-Faussett, P., Feizzadeh, A., A., El-Sadr, W., Syarif, O., & Ghys, P., D. (2022) Achieving the 95 95 95 targets for all: A pathway to ending AIDS. PLoS One. 2022; 17 (8): e0272405. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272405.
12.	Portilla-Tamarit, J., Reus, S., Portilla, I., Fuster Ruiz-de-Apodaca, M. J., & Portilla, J. (2021). Impact of advanced HIV disease on quality of life and mortality in the era of combined antiretroviral treatment. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10 (4), 716.
13.	Sepúlveda C, Marlin A, Yoshida T, Ullrich A. (2002) Palliative care: the World Health Organization's global perspective. Journal of pain and symptom management, 24 (2), 91-96.
14.	UNAIDS (2020) Country Progress report - Nigeria. Global AIDS Monitoring, 2020. Retrieved from: https://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/country/documents/NGA_2020_countryreport.pdf (Accessed 5 May 2023).
15.	UNAIDS (2019) New survey results indicate that Nigeria has an HIV prevalence of 1.4%. Retrieved from: https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/pressreleaseandstatementarchive/2019/march/20190314_nigeria (Accessed 04 May 2023).
16.	Uwishema, O., Taylor, C., Lawal, L., Hamiidah, N., Robert, I., Nasir, A.,... & Onyeaka, H. (2022). The syndemic burden of HIV/AIDS in Africa amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Immunity, inflammation and disease, 10 (1), 26-32.
17.	World Health Organization (2017). Guidelines for managing advanced HIV disease and rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy: Policy brief.. Retrieved from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/255885/WHO-HIV2017.18-eng.pdf?sequence= (Accessed 4 May 2023).
18.	World Health Organization (2021). Consolidated guidelines on HIV prevention, testing, treatment, service delivery and monitoring: recommendations for a public health approach. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240031593 (Accessed 2 May 2023).
19.	Agolory, S. G., Auld, A. F., Odafe, S., Shiraishi, R. W., Dokubo, E. K., Swaminathan, M.,... & Ellerbrock, T. V. (2017). High rates of loss to follow-up during the first year of pre-antiretroviral therapy for HIV patients at sites providing pre-ART care in Nigeria, 2004–2012. PLoS One, 12 (9), e0183823.
20.	Oladele, R. O., Jordan, A. M., Okaa, J. U., Osaigbovo, I. I., Shettima, S. A., Shehu, N. Y.,... & Chiller, T. M. (2023). A multicenter survey of asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia among patients with advanced HIV disease in Nigeria. PLOS Global Public Health, 3 (1), e0001313.