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Prevalence and Causes of HIV/AIDs Infection Among Out-of-School Children in Ibadan

Received: 29 March 2024     Accepted: 12 April 2024     Published: 17 May 2024
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Abstract

Children who are vulnerable to sexual exploitation are also vulnerable to HIV infection because they live on the margins of society and outside of the health system. As a result, they may be infected without knowing their HIV status and will not access the health system when they develop an opportunistic infection related to AIDS. The prevalence of HIV/AIDs in Nigeria especially in Ibadan among the out-of-school children has become a great public health concern. This study therefore mitigated prevalence and causes of HIV/AIDs infection among out-of-school children in Ibadan, Oyo State. Nigeria. This study is anchored on explanatory mixed method of QUAN+qual research design. A random sampling technique was employed in sampling 100 participants for the study. Three instruments: Out-of-school children HIV Risk and Infection Questionnaire (OHRIQ) and HIV/AIDs Rapid Test Kit (HARTK) were used to elicit quantitative information from participants and KII to collect qualitative data from the participants about their status. Data collected was analysed using Descriptive and Multiple Regression while ATLAS ti was used for qualitative data. Results revealed that Home and Street life has a moderate positive correlation and was significant with HIV infection among out-of-school children (r = .16; p=<0.01). Survival activities have very strong positive significant correlation with HIV infection. Sexual behaviour has low positive significant (r=.00, p<0.01) correlation and Marginalization has a low negative significant correlation (r=-.07, p<0.01). The study therefore recommends that parent should endeavor to send their children to school and take full responsibility on their wellbeing to avoid being infected with HIV.

Published in International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20241001.14
Page(s) 38-44
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

HIV, Out-of-School-Children, Opportunistic Infection, Sexual Behavior, Survival Activities

References
[1] Albert, Jose, Ramon G., Francis Mark A. Quimba, E. Ramos, Andre Philippe, and Jocelyn P. Plmeda. (2012). Profile of Out-of-School Children in the Philippines. Philippine Institute for Development Studies No. 2012-01. Discussion Paper Series.
[2] Anker Richard (2000). “The economics of child labour a framework for measurement”. International Labour Review, Vol. 139 (2000), No. 3, (ILO, Geneva).
[3] CDC’s HIV Basics (2017). Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Centre for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017 available from
[4] Evers, M. and Mancuso, P. (2006). “Where are the boys? Gender imbalanced in higher education. HIGHER Education Management and Policy, 18(2), 1-13.
[5] Jorgensen, S, Feraro, V, Fitchten C, and Havel, A., (2009). Predicting college retention and drop out: Sex and disability. ERIC ONLINE Submission ED505873.
[6] Justino, Patricia. (2015). “Out-of-school children initiative: Barriers to Education in conflict-Affected Countries and Policy Opportunities.’ Background paper for fixing the Broken Promises of Education for All: Montreal, Canada.
[7] Ruther, D. R. and Quine L, (2002). Changing Health Behaviour, Intervention and Research with Social Cognitive Models, Open University Press, Philadelphia, Pa, USA, 2002.
[8] UNIADS (2017) Ending AIDS; progress towards the 90-90-90 targets.
[9] UNESCO (2017). More than half of children and Adolescent are not in learning World UIS fact sheet No, 46, Montreal: Institute for Statistics (US).
[10] UNICEF (2018). United Nation Children’s Fund (UNICEF), and Demographic Health Survey, 2018.
[11] UNICEF (2015). ‘The state of the world children ‘2015: reimagine the future.
[12] UNICEF (2016). Turning the tide against AIDS will require more concentrated focus on adolescents and young people: 2016 (available from
[13] WHO (2018). How Does the World Bank Classify Countries? World Bank Data Help Desk, Accessed 18 February 2018. H World Health Organization: (available from
[14] Zhang, J, and Scardamalia, M. (2007). Sustaining principle-based knowledge building innovation at an elementary school Paper presented at the annual Meeting of America Educational Research Association, Chicago, II.
[15] Zena and Aneth, (2010). Coping strategies used by street children in the event of illness. 2010 ix, 51p: ill,; 27cm.
[16] Yaya S, Ghose B, Udenigwe O, Shah V, Hudani A, Ekholueneta le M. (2019). Knowledge and attitude of HIV/AIDS among women in Nigeria: A cross-sectional study. Eur J Public Health; 29(1): 111-7.
[17] UNAIDS (2021). Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS Final Report on 2020 Targets.
[18] Anne E., Njom Nlend, Pascal Avenec, Jeannette Epée Ngoué Arsène B. Sandie (2023). Morbidity and Mortality of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants in a Tertiary Referral Facility in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
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  • APA Style

    Olusegun, B. E. (2024). Prevalence and Causes of HIV/AIDs Infection Among Out-of-School Children in Ibadan. International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science, 10(1), 38-44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20241001.14

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    ACS Style

    Olusegun, B. E. Prevalence and Causes of HIV/AIDs Infection Among Out-of-School Children in Ibadan. Int. J. HIV/AIDS Prev. Educ. Behav. Sci. 2024, 10(1), 38-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20241001.14

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    AMA Style

    Olusegun BE. Prevalence and Causes of HIV/AIDs Infection Among Out-of-School Children in Ibadan. Int J HIV/AIDS Prev Educ Behav Sci. 2024;10(1):38-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20241001.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20241001.14,
      author = {Babatunde Ezekiel Olusegun},
      title = {Prevalence and Causes of HIV/AIDs Infection Among Out-of-School Children in Ibadan
    },
      journal = {International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {38-44},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20241001.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20241001.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijhpebs.20241001.14},
      abstract = {Children who are vulnerable to sexual exploitation are also vulnerable to HIV infection because they live on the margins of society and outside of the health system. As a result, they may be infected without knowing their HIV status and will not access the health system when they develop an opportunistic infection related to AIDS. The prevalence of HIV/AIDs in Nigeria especially in Ibadan among the out-of-school children has become a great public health concern. This study therefore mitigated prevalence and causes of HIV/AIDs infection among out-of-school children in Ibadan, Oyo State. Nigeria. This study is anchored on explanatory mixed method of QUAN+qual research design. A random sampling technique was employed in sampling 100 participants for the study. Three instruments: Out-of-school children HIV Risk and Infection Questionnaire (OHRIQ) and HIV/AIDs Rapid Test Kit (HARTK) were used to elicit quantitative information from participants and KII to collect qualitative data from the participants about their status. Data collected was analysed using Descriptive and Multiple Regression while ATLAS ti was used for qualitative data. Results revealed that Home and Street life has a moderate positive correlation and was significant with HIV infection among out-of-school children (r = .16; p=<0.01). Survival activities have very strong positive significant correlation with HIV infection. Sexual behaviour has low positive significant (r=.00, p<0.01) correlation and Marginalization has a low negative significant correlation (r=-.07, p<0.01). The study therefore recommends that parent should endeavor to send their children to school and take full responsibility on their wellbeing to avoid being infected with HIV.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Prevalence and Causes of HIV/AIDs Infection Among Out-of-School Children in Ibadan
    
    AU  - Babatunde Ezekiel Olusegun
    Y1  - 2024/05/17
    PY  - 2024
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20241001.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20241001.14
    T2  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
    JF  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
    JO  - International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20241001.14
    AB  - Children who are vulnerable to sexual exploitation are also vulnerable to HIV infection because they live on the margins of society and outside of the health system. As a result, they may be infected without knowing their HIV status and will not access the health system when they develop an opportunistic infection related to AIDS. The prevalence of HIV/AIDs in Nigeria especially in Ibadan among the out-of-school children has become a great public health concern. This study therefore mitigated prevalence and causes of HIV/AIDs infection among out-of-school children in Ibadan, Oyo State. Nigeria. This study is anchored on explanatory mixed method of QUAN+qual research design. A random sampling technique was employed in sampling 100 participants for the study. Three instruments: Out-of-school children HIV Risk and Infection Questionnaire (OHRIQ) and HIV/AIDs Rapid Test Kit (HARTK) were used to elicit quantitative information from participants and KII to collect qualitative data from the participants about their status. Data collected was analysed using Descriptive and Multiple Regression while ATLAS ti was used for qualitative data. Results revealed that Home and Street life has a moderate positive correlation and was significant with HIV infection among out-of-school children (r = .16; p=<0.01). Survival activities have very strong positive significant correlation with HIV infection. Sexual behaviour has low positive significant (r=.00, p<0.01) correlation and Marginalization has a low negative significant correlation (r=-.07, p<0.01). The study therefore recommends that parent should endeavor to send their children to school and take full responsibility on their wellbeing to avoid being infected with HIV.
    
    VL  - 10
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