Animal production is a main source to meet the needs of human society to protein and in particular animal protein different kinds, and the world is facing major challenges in providing food because of the rapid increase in population and limited agricultural resources and livestock that are exploited by man in food production. This situation requires the modernization of production methods and take the advantages of other animal sources non-utilized yet in the production , with the application of ethical standards in the administration and production and that meet animal welfare, as well as providing health care for the herds of animals which lead to provide healthy products for human consumption.

At present, the trends of scientific research became to have clear targets in the field of animal production in the exploitation of the resources available and conserve these resources within the concept of sustainable development, as well as improving production methods and management tools to get natural production without chemical or hormones additives, in animal feed.

I hope to find in this special issue a number of research papers that encourage the use of diverse sources of animal genotypes in production of human foods and to bring attention to the importance of biodiversity and conservation of genetic resources , as well as encourage the healthy animal products production far away from pathogenic and sick animals and common diseases among human and animals. The hopes of human society are waiting from scientific research solutions to the problems of poverty and diseases which cause suffering of hungry to huge number of peoples , for these points the goal, that the food must be available to all in cheap prices.