Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Condom Among College Students in Bangladesh
Mosammat Beauty Begum,
Muhammed Tajul Islam,
Abu Sayeed Mohammad Anwarul Kabir
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2020
Pages:
1-9
Received:
28 January 2020
Accepted:
13 February 2020
Published:
19 February 2020
Abstract: Background: Condom is the most popular barrier methods of family planning. Using condom is the only contraceptive method that can protect against both unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases including HIV / AIDS and prevent up to 80-95% of HIV/AIDS transmission. Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding condom among college students in Bangladesh. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted with a sample of 172 those were randomly selected from selected college of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Data were collected by the researcher using face-to-face interview with developed questionnaire of 54 items in 2 dimensions Knowledge and Attitude regarding condom. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics two sample t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation. Results: The mean age of the students was 18.01 years, 80.2% of them were Muslim. Only 22.7% of the female students were married. All of them were satisfactory knowledge but 52.9% had negative attitude regarding condom. Findings showed that higher knowledge regarding condom was significantly related with student’s higher age (F=27.14; p=.000), education (t=6.276; p=.000), father’s (F=30.851; p=.000), and mother’s (F=3.222 p=.042) occupation of job and business, more than 4 family members (F=11.086; p=.000), higher monthly family income (F=22.703; p=.000), known someone with STDs (t=-6.702; p=.000), joined to any seminar (t=-15.322; p=.000), and had source of information about condom (r=.712; p=.000) than others. Female students showed significantly (t=-3.719; p=.000) positive attitude than male. Student’s those father’s occupation were job and business (F=7.078; p=.001), more than 4 family members (F=5.652; p=.004), known someone with STDs (t=-2.606; p=.010) and joined to any seminar (t=2.584; p=.001) about STDs showed significantly positive attitude regarding condom than other. Muslim had significantly (t=-2.871 p=.005) negative attitude towards condom than other. The relationship of knowledge and attitude regarding condom were revealed positive correlation (r=.955; p=.004). Conclusion: Result suggested that age, sex, religion, education, source of information, knowledge of condom was influenced to attitude regarding condom. Therefore, nursing educational program on condom is recommended.
Abstract: Background: Condom is the most popular barrier methods of family planning. Using condom is the only contraceptive method that can protect against both unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases including HIV / AIDS and prevent up to 80-95% of HIV/AIDS transmission. Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding condom among col...
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Ocular Manifestations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients in the Pre-HAART and HAART Era
Anjana Somanath,
Rathinam Sivakumar,
Radhika Thundikandy,
Vedhanayaki Rajesh
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2020
Pages:
10-14
Received:
5 April 2020
Accepted:
27 April 2020
Published:
28 May 2020
Abstract: The human immunodeficiency virus infection causes a wide range of ocular manifestations. It is a growing concern in the developing countries. Now, the government provides the highly active antiretroviral therapy free of cost. But ocular manifestations continue to arise in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection. Hence a comparitive analysis of the disease pattern is important in assessing the ocular manifestations in the pre–HAART and HAART era. The aim of this retrospective series is to analyse the ocular manifestations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus patients in the pre-HAART and HAART era This retrospective study includes Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive patients from the pre-Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) (1995-2000) and HAART era (2005-2017). Patients were assessed for the ocular manifestations. This study included 83 patients in the pre HAART era and 98 patients in the HAART era. Cytomegalovirus retinitis was the most common ocular manifestation in the pre-HAART and the HAART era. Inspite of free availability of the antiretroviral therapy, the results of our study has not shown a reduction in the ocular manifestations in the HAART era. Awareness among the high risk population, screening of population at community health centers, private health sectors and engaging non-government organizations for awareness in the community can help in early diagnosis of HIV. This may cause a reduction in the ocular manifestations in individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
Abstract: The human immunodeficiency virus infection causes a wide range of ocular manifestations. It is a growing concern in the developing countries. Now, the government provides the highly active antiretroviral therapy free of cost. But ocular manifestations continue to arise in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection. Hence a comparitive ana...
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Pattern of Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Abnormalities Among HIV Patients in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi,
Akpa Maclean Rumokere,
Dodiyi-Manuel Sotonye
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2020
Pages:
15-24
Received:
6 May 2020
Accepted:
29 May 2020
Published:
9 June 2020
Abstract: Infection with HIV is independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, while therapeutic use of HAART has been shown to increase the risk of metabolic derangements which may have potentially damaging effects on the cardiovascular system. The study was carried out to assess the pattern of electrocardiographic (ECG) and echocardiographic (ECHO) abnormalities among HAART experienced and HAART naïve HIV patients. This was a cross-sectional study of one hundred (100) HIV seropositive subjects and 100 age and sex matched controls to assess cardiovascular risk among HIV seropositive persons in Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The results showed that the prevalence of ECG abnormalities among the cases was 49 (49%) compared to 42 (42%) of the controls (c2=0.020, p=0.886). Sinus tachycardia was the most common ECG abnormality in all study participants and was present in 37 (37%) of the control subjects when compared to 21 (21%) of the cases and this was statistically significant. T-wave inversion and prolonged QT interval were the next two most prevalent findings seen in 23% and 18% of the cases compared with 8% and 5% of the controls respectively and these were also statistically significant (p=0.004 and 0.003 respectively). Among the cases 10% had grade 1-2 diastolic dysfunctions compared with 23% of the controls and this was statistically significant (p=0.013). Ninety percent (90%) however had normal diastolic function compared with 77% of the controls. Systolic dysfunction was found in only 2% of the HAART experienced cases compared to 10 (10%) of the HAART naïve controls and this was also statistically significant (p=0.017). The study showed that electrocardiographic and echocardiographic abnormalities are common in HIV seropositive patients with ECG abnormalities being more common among the HAART treated subjects. These ECG & ECHO abnormalities generally increase the cardiovascular risk profile of PLWHIV/AIDS and are independent predictors of CV mortality hence the need for prompt diagnosis and interventions.
Abstract: Infection with HIV is independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, while therapeutic use of HAART has been shown to increase the risk of metabolic derangements which may have potentially damaging effects on the cardiovascular system. The study was carried out to assess the pattern of electrocardiographic (ECG) and echo...
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The Psychometric Properties of a Romanian Version of the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2020
Pages:
25-31
Received:
21 April 2019
Accepted:
25 May 2020
Published:
16 June 2020
Abstract: Objective: To validate a Romanian version of the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale and determine its psychometric properties in Romanian people. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in different social categories. The sample consists of 124 (30.6%) males, 259 (64.0%) females, 22 (5.4%) not specified gender with ages ranging from 16 to 62 years. Data were collected on the Romanian version of the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale, the Attitudes Toward Vaccination Questionnaire, the General Health Perception Scale and the Perceived Sensitivity to Medicines Scale. Results: Scale's reliability analysis revealed an overall Cronbach’s alpha of a 0.82 showing good internal consistency. The Spearman correlation between the VAX scale's total score and the Attitudes Toward Vaccination Questionnaire, indicate good levels of convergent validity. Confirmatory Analysis revealed a good fit. Conclusion: The validated Romanian version of the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale is a valid and reliable measure in detecting the vaccine-hesitant Romanian people.
Abstract: Objective: To validate a Romanian version of the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale and determine its psychometric properties in Romanian people. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in different social categories. The sample consists of 124 (30.6%) males, 259 (64.0%) females, 22 (5.4%) not specified gender with ages ranging f...
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